{"id":452,"date":"2020-04-26T21:38:41","date_gmt":"2020-04-26T21:38:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz.\/~blog\/?p=452"},"modified":"2022-03-08T14:06:11","modified_gmt":"2022-03-08T20:06:11","slug":"alabama-stop-and-identify-laws","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/2020\/04\/alabama-stop-and-identify-laws","title":{"rendered":"[DRAFT] Alabama stop-and-identify laws"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><small><strong>Disclaimer<\/strong>: I\u2019m not a lawyer, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanbar.org\/groups\/criminal_justice\/disclaimer\/\">blah blah blah<\/a>\u2026<\/small><br \/>\nYou should watch <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=d-7o9xYp7eE\">this video<\/a> before reading [this] article, anyway; it\u2019s <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">necessary<\/span> context.<\/p>\n<p>(I have reduced the grammar to make the reading more obvious; the underline has been added for emphasis on the key phrase. You may click on the citation to view the full\/original verbiage online.)<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><cite><a href=\"http:\/\/alisondb.legislature.state.al.us\/alison\/CodeOfAlabama\/1975\/15-5-30.htm\">Alabama Code \u00a7 15-5-30<\/a><\/cite>A [cop], acting within their [jurisdiction,] may stop any person abroad in a public place [with \"reasonable suspicion\" of a current\/recent\/upcoming crime,] and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">may demand of him his name, address and an explanation of his actions<\/span>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I currently don\u2019t yet even know <em>whether it\u2019s an open question<\/em> as to <strong>whether one is obligated to <em>answer<\/em> these demands<\/strong> in Alabama.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>According to <a href=\"https:\/\/law.stackexchange.com\/a\/16361\">a post on 2017-01-12<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/law.stackexchange.com\/users\/9517\/ohwilleke\">ohwilleke<\/a>, a highly-ranked (top 1%) user on <em>Law Stack Exchange<\/em>, New York's identical legislation means that \u201cthe officer <strong>is\u2026entitled to determine the information that an ID would reveal<\/strong>\u201d.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/law.stackexchange.com\/a\/16373\">A post later that same day<\/a> by another highly-ranked (top 4%) user <a href=\"https:\/\/law.stackexchange.com\/users\/2609\/cicero\">Cicero<\/a> points out that the law \u201cjust says the officer \"may demand\" a name and address. <strong>It does not say the person must provide it.<\/strong>\u201d, and further observes that \u201c<strong>there is no penalty listed<\/strong>\u201d for failing to provide the demanded ID.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Neither of these users, however, cited any precedent indicating that their interpretations agree with the canonical\/authoritative ones; e.g. it\u2019s not clear (to me) whether any explicit penalty <em>has<\/em> to be listed, or if one could\/would just be charged with Obstructing an Officer, if such a refusal would in-itself upgrade \u201creasonable suspicion\u201d to \u201cprobable cause\u201d and initiate an outright arrest (including a full belongings-search), etc.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019d love to see what precedent, clarifying\/related laws, etc. apply to this\u2014it's certainly hard to follow a rule when you can\u2019t even figure out what the legally-mandated exceptions are.<\/p>\n<p>This certainly seems like it would be important to work out if one\u2019s ever planning on walking around <em>looking<\/em> like they\u2019re on the Wrong Side of <a href=\"http:\/\/sinceriously.fyi\/the-matrix-is-a-system\">the Matrix<\/a> (disheveled, keeping odd hours, video-recording police abuse, etc.)\u2014obviously, none of this applies to one properly bathed and clearly engaged in consumerism or on the way to\/from an engineering job site; the issue is <em>being criminalized anyway<\/em> for ever stepping outside of The Script in a non-criminal way.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A [cop], acting within their [jurisdiction,] may stop any person abroad in a public place [with \"reasonable suspicion\" of a current\/recent\/upcoming crime,] and may demand of him his name, address and an explanation of his actions. &ndash;Alabama Code \u00a7 15-5-30<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[135,118,34],"class_list":["post-452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-writeups","tag-court","tag-us","tag-unresolved"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=452"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/452\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2043,"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/452\/revisions\/2043"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ishygddt.xyz\/~blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}